Last update:
19-Sep-2022

The active participation of patients in decision-making can play an important role in improving the safety and, consequently, the quality of health care. In this context, patient-centered care and joint decision-making are interrelated concepts. In this paper the literature on participatory care, and the factors that affect it, is reviewed. This systematic review demonstrates the importance of the relationship between patients and health care providers in improving the care management. Studies show that the attitude of the patients is influenced by their age, socio-economic status, gender, nationality and education. Previous care experience and illnesses affect the desire to participate, either positively or negatively, and the patients' level of information, and the presence or absence of trust in the person of the treating physician also play a role. The communication and behavior of health professionals, and their personal characteristics may facilitate or hinder the participation of patients in decision-making. This review shows that patient participation depends on a complex interaction of factors related to the patients, their knowledge and beliefs, demographics, health status, the health professionals and communication skills. It is important to promote a collaborative relationship between patients and health professionals and patient involvement needs to be perceived by all as beneficial to health care, and not as provocative behavior directed towards challenging staff skills and abilities.

Key words: Decision-making, Medical errors, Patient-centered care, Patient involvement, Professional-patient communication.