Last update:
   19-Mar-2025
 

Arch Hellen Med, 42(3), May-June 2025, 384-389

ORIGINAL PAPER

Hepatic influence on vision A meta-analysis uncovering the link between liver disease and intraocular pressure

A. Zahra,1 J.K. Fajar,2 Z. Safira,3 S. Supriono4
1Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang,
2Brawijaya Internal Medicine Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang,
3Internal Medicine Resident, Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang,
4Gastroenterohepatology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia

OBJECTIVE To assess the association between liver disease and intraocular pressure (IOP).

METHOD From December 2023 to January 2024 we conducted a meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD42024505202). As of December 15, 2023, a thorough search was carried out to obtain relevant studies from PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was employed to assess the quality of the articles, and the data collection was extracted using pilot form. The association between liver disease and IOP was determined using the Z-test with the inverse variance method.

RESULTS In our analysis, we meticulously analyzed data from a compilation of five studies, involving 8,856 patients diagnosed with liver disease and 16,280 controls. We found a notable difference in IOP between patients with liver disease and the control group, where patients with liver disease exhibited higher IOP compared to those without liver disease (mean difference [MD]: 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.64–1.32; p<0.0001). However, we did not include potential confounding factors, such as corticosteroids use, anticholinergic use, blood pressure, and body mass index which could influence the results.

CONCLUSIONS The findings of our study indicate that liver disease serves as a significant predictor for increased IOP. Our study provides additional information on factors contributing to the increase of IOP.

Key words: Hepatitis, Intraocular pressure, Liver disease, Liver fibrosis, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

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